Banking and Payments Research
Research staff analyze domestic and international payments systems as well as the banking industry.
Recent Articles
Financing the AI build-out may introduce long-term structural shifts and risks to debt markets.
Participants at the 2026 Jackson Hole Economic Symposium discussed the promise and risks of innovation in payments technologies.
The complexity of B2B payment processes present challenges for businesses in adopting electronic payments.
Businesses are using checks for business-to-business payments less frequently, but most have not ceased using checks entirely.
Although income taxes have been the main source of U.S. government revenue for a century, tariffs once played a greater role.
Since the 1990s, banks’ fixed costs have increased substantially while marginal and average costs have declined.
Banking and Payments Resources
Payments Resources
Payments System Research Briefings
Our briefings cover payments methods, developments in payments networks, and various participants' roles in the payments system.
Payments System Research Working Papers
Our paper topics include payments methods, developments in payments networks and various participants' roles in the payments system.
Interchange Fees
An annual update of credit and debit card interchange fees in various countries, regulatory developments in the payment card markets, and trends in interchange fees assessed to U.S. merchants.
Payment Conferences Proceedings
Our international payments policy conferences focus on timely and important topics.
Guide to ATM and Debit Card Industry - 2006 Update
This book is a 2006 update that documents industry trends and patterns and discusses their implications.
Guide to ATM and Debit Card Industry
This book provides an overview of the history and development of the ATM and debit card industry, details the mechanics of ATM and debit transactions, reviews trends in ATM and debit transaction volume and pricing, and discusses industry and public policy issues.
Nonbanks in the Payments System
This book examines nonbank participation of payments activities and the roles nonbanks play in specific transaction types.
Banking Resources
Small Business Lending Survey
Quarterly collection of quantitative and qualitative information that can be used to understand credit market conditions for bank lending to small businesses.
Bank Capital Analysis
The Bank Capital Analysis provides a horizontal comparison of capital adequacy among banking organizations with different risk profiles.